The
opening to the trachea is guarded by a leaf-shaped structure called
the:
A.
bronchus.
B.
epiglottis.
C.
cricoid
cartilage.
D.
thyroid
cartilage.
4.
Which of
the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?
A.
pharynx.
B.
epiglottis.
C.
bronchus.
D.
nasopharynx.
5.
Which of
the following structures is NOT found in the lower airway?
A.
alveoli.
B.
bronchi.
C.
trachea.
D.
epiglottis.
7.
What
structure lies at the base of the thorax?
A.
heart.
B.
diaphragm muscle.
C.
intercostal
muscle.
D.
sternocleidomastoid muscle.
8.
The
contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles is called:
A.
atelectasis.
B.
exhalation.
C.
inhalation.
D.
paradoxical
movement.
9.
What is
the passive cycle of respiration called?
A.
exhalation.
B.
inspiration.
C.
inspiratory
recoil.
D.
expiratory
contraction.
10.
Inhalation occurs when the:
A.
ribs move inward.
B.
ribs move
downward.
C.
diaphragm moves
upward.
D.
diaphragm moves
downward.
12.
How many
breaths per minute are considered adequate breathing for an adult?
A.
6 to 12.
B.
8 to 12.
C.
12 to 20.
D.
16 to 24.
13.
How many
breaths per minute are considered adequate breathing for a child?
A.
10 to 20.
B.
12 to 24.
C.
15 to 30.
D.
24 to 40.
14.
How many
breaths per minute are considered adequate breathing for an infant?
A.
12 to 20.
B.
15 to 30.
C.
20 to 30.
D.
25 to 50.
15.
Inadequate breathing in an adult exists when the rate is less than:
A.
8 or more than 28
breaths per minute.
B.
10 or more than
30 breaths per minute.
C.
12 or more than
35 breaths per minute.
D.
12 or more than
40 breaths per minute.
16.
You are
assessing a patient's need for supplemental oxygen. You know that room
air contains approximately what percentage of oxygen?
A.
16%.
B.
21%.
C.
28%.
D.
78%.
17.
Which of
the following statements about the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide is true?
A.
The arterioles
remove carbon dioxide before the blood reaches the capillaries.
B.
Waste products
and carbon dioxide enter the lungs through the pulmonary vein.
C.
Carbon dioxide is
passed from the alveoli to the blood through the pulmonary
capillaries.
D.
Oxygen exchange
takes place at the pulmonary capillaries and at each living cell.
18.
In a
healthy individual, what gas exchange in arterial blood most rapidly
stimulates an increase in the respiratory rate?
A.
a rise in the
level of oxygen.
B.
a fall in the
level of oxygen.
C.
a rise in the
level of carbon dioxide.
D.
a fall in the
level of carbon dioxide.
20.
If the
brain is deprived of oxygen, cells in the brain may die within how
many minutes?
A.
1 minute.
B.
4 to 6 minutes.
C.
6 to 10 minutes.
D.
10 to 15 minutes.
21.
Living
cells begin to die when they are deprived of:
A.
water.
B.
oxygen.
C.
sunlight.
D.
carbon dioxide.
23.
Which of
the following is a sign of adequate ventilation?
A.
Skin color does
not improve with oxygen.
B.
The chest does
not rise and fall with each ventilation.
C.
You hear and feel
air escape as the patient exhales.
D.
The patient's
stomach is rising and falling.
24.
Which of
the following methods is used to open the airway in a non-trauma
patient?
A.
head-tilt/neck-lift.
B.
head tilt-chin
lift.
C.
simple
hyperextension.
D.
hyperextension/jaw-thrust.
25.
Which of
the following methods is used to open the airway in a patient with a
possible spinal cord injury?
A.
jaw-thrust.
B.
jaw-thrust/neck-lift.
C.
jaw-thrust/head-tilt.
D.
head tilt-chin
lift.
26.
Suctioning of the oral cavity in an adult patient should be
accomplished within how many seconds?
A.
5 seconds.
B.
10 seconds.
C.
15 seconds.
D.
20 seconds.
27.
Which of
the following steps should NOT be taken while oral suctioning a
patient?
A.
Suction for less
than 15 seconds.
B.
Suction while
entering a patient's mouth.
C.
Suction while
exiting a patient's mouth.
D.
Turn the
patient's head to the side if the possibility of injury does not
exist.
28.
How much
vacuum should a properly functioning suction unit with a gauge
generate?
A.
100 mm Hg.
B.
300 mm Hg.
C.
500 mm Hg.
D.
700 mm Hg.
30.
What
percentage of oxygen do mouth-to-mouth ventilations provide?
A.
12%.
B.
16%.
C.
20%.
D.
24%.
31.
You are
performing mouth-to-mask ventilations with high-flow oxygen connected
and running at a flow rate of 15 liters per minute. What percentage of
oxygen does your patient receive?
A.
35%.
B.
45%.
C.
55%.
D.
65%.
33.
Which of
the following statements about the use of bag-valve-mask devices is
FALSE?
A.
They are
difficult for one EMT to use.
B.
They are
available in pediatric and adult sizes.
C.
They provide more
oxygen than mouth-to-mask systems.
D.
They provide more
volume than mouth-to-mask systems.
36.
What is
the most common problem you may encounter when using a bag-valve-mask
device?
A.
environmental
conditions.
B.
maintaining an
airtight seal.
C.
positioning the
patient's head.
D.
volume of the
bag-valve-mask device.
37.
When
using the one-person bag-valve-mask technique, you should maintain a
seal using the:
A.
C-clamp
technique.
B.
jaw-thrust
technique.
C.
double-hand
technique.
D.
head tilt-chin
lift maneuver.
41.
What is
the most common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?
A.
vomitus.
B.
the tongue.
C.
blood clots.
D.
aspirated food.
43.
The
recovery position for an unconscious patient without a spinal injury
reduces the chance for:
A.
shock.
B.
snoring.
C.
drooling.
D.
vomiting and
aspiration.
44.
How
should an unresponsive patient without traumatic injuries be
positioned to maintain spontaneous breathing?
A.
supine.
B.
face down.
C.
in the recovery
position.
D.
in a position of
comfort.
45.
You
should NOT use an oral airway in:
A.
infants and
children.
B.
cardiac arrest
patients.
C.
patients with a
gag reflex.
D.
patients with a
suspected neck injury.
46.
To
select the proper size of nasal airway, you should measure:
A.
only the diameter
of the nostril.
B.
from the tip of
the nose to the chin.
C.
from the tip of
the nose to the earlobe.
D.
from the tip of
the nose to the corner of the mouth.
47.
A full
tank of oxygen contains how many pounds per square inch (psi)?
A.
1,000 psi.
B.
2,000 psi.
C.
3,000 psi.
D.
varies with
different sizes of tanks.
48.
Up to
what percentage of oxygen does a nonrebreathing facemask system
deliver?
A.
100%.
B.
90%.
C.
80%.
D.
70%.
49.
What
percentage of oxygen does a nasal cannula with a flow rate of 6 liters
per minute deliver?
A.
24% to 28%.
B.
30% to 34%.
C.
40% to 44%.
D.
55% to 60%.
51.
A safe
residual amount in an oxygen cylinder is:
A.
200 psi.
B.
2,000 psi.
C.
500 liters.
D.
2,000 liters.
54.
You
arrive at the scene of an electrocution and find an unconscious man
who has shallow respirations. To maintain his airway, you should:
A.
insert an
oropharyngeal airway by placing it upside down in the mouth, and
rotating it 180°.
B.
lubricate the tip
of an oropharyngeal airway before inserting it.
C.
insert an
oropharyngeal airway until the flange rests inside the teeth.
D.
hyperextend the
neck, insert an oropharyngeal airway, and deliver breaths with
positive pressure.
57.
To
select the proper size oropharyngeal airway, measure the distance
between the:
A.
chin and nostril.
B.
chin and earlobe.
C.
nose and earlobe.
D.
corner of the
mouth and earlobe.
61.
Which of
the following conditions is NOT likely to produce hypoxia?
A.
an acute narcotic
overdose.
B.
high blood
sugars.
C.
substantial blood
loss.
D.
an asthma attack.
62.
Hypoxia
is defined as:
A.
decreased oxygen
in body tissues.
B.
increased oxygen
saturations.
C.
reduced
ventilations.
D.
oxygen and carbon
dioxide mismatch.
64.
Gastric
distention may be prevented by:
A.
ventilating
quickly, one second per breath.
B.
slow and complete
emptying of the BVM device and reservoir.
C.
using the Sellick
maneuver.
D.
stacking
ventilations one after the other.
65.
The most
common complication of using a flow-restricted oxygen powered
ventilation device is:
A.
rapid ventilation
rates.
B.
gastric
distention.
C.
drying of the
respiratory system.
D.
nasal bleeding.
71.
Which of
the following statements about pushing and pulling is FALSE?
A.
Keep your back
locked, straight, and untwisted.
B.
Position the cot
just below your waist.
C.
Keep the weight
close to your body.
D.
Keep elbows bent
with arms close to your sides.
73.
What is
your most important consideration during an emergency move?
A.
Use a long
backboard.
B.
Protect the
patient's spine.
C.
Keep the
patient's airway open.
D.
Perform the move
as quickly as possible.
75.
Rapid
extrication of a patient who is sitting in a vehicle should NOT be
considered when there is:
A.
cardiac arrest.
B.
fire or danger of
fire.
C.
moderate external
bleeding from an extremity.
D.
a presence of
explosives or other hazardous materials.
77.
In
carrying a wheeled stretcher with four rescuers, where should the
rescuers be placed?
A.
two at each side.
B.
one at each
corner.
C.
one at each end
and one at each side.
D.
the shorter
rescuers at the patient's head.
79.
Which of
the following statements regarding the use of the scoop stretcher is
FALSE?
A.
It is easy to get
under the patient.
B.
It can be used to
carry a patient in a narrow space.
C.
It can be easily
removed from under the patient.
D.
It provides
adequate support for patients with spinal injuries.
80.
Which of
the following is a good device to use to immobilize a patient with a
suspected spinal injury?
A.
long backboard.
B.
scoop stretcher.
C.
portable
stretcher.
D.
wheeled
stretcher.
81.
Patients
showing signs of impending hypovolemic shock should lie with:
A.
their knees bent.
B.
their legs
elevated.
C.
their heads
elevated.
D.
a long backboard
under them.
82.
A
patient complaining of weakness should be carried down stairs on a:
A.
stair chair.
B.
portable cot.
C.
long backboard.
D.
wheeled
stretcher.
83.
A
patient is sitting in a car after an automobile crash. He was not
wearing his seat belt. He is complaining of pain in his arm and neck.
The most appropriate device for this patient is a:
A.
long backboard.
B.
short backboard.
C.
scoop stretcher.
D.
wheeled
stretcher.
84.
A
28-year-old woman has fallen 12 feet from a tree. The most appropriate
device to transport her would be a:
A.
long backboard.
B.
short backboard.
C.
scoop stretcher.
D.
portable
stretcher.
85.
A
72-year-old woman is in bed and complaining of fullness in her chest.
She states she has had two previous heart attacks. She has a blood
pressure of 146/102 mm Hg, a pulse of 108 beats/min, and respirations
of 28 breaths/min. Which device would be best for transporting her?
A.
long backboard.
B.
scoop stretcher.
C.
portable
stretcher.
D.
wheeled
stretcher.
87.
What
should you use to transfer a patient from a wheeled stretcher to a
hospital bed?
A.
bed sheet.
B.
direct carry.
C.
extremity carry.
D.
fore and aft
carry.
89.
A
42-year-old woman is complaining of abdominal pain. She states that it
feels like a gallbladder attack she had last year. You should
transport this patient:
A.
in a position of
comfort.
B.
on her side in
case she vomits.
C.
on her right side
to reduce her pain.
D.
with her legs
elevated to prevent shock.
90.
A
48-year-old construction worker has fallen into a 28-inch-wide tunnel.
He is complaining of pain in his left thigh. Which device should you
use to move him?
A.
portable cot.
B.
long backboard.
C.
scoop stretcher.
D.
Stokes stretcher.
92.
When
lifting a patient, you should:
A.
flex at the
waist.
B.
hyperextend your
back.
C.
lean back from
the waist.
D.
keep your back in
a locked-in position.
95.
Short
backboards are used:
A.
when it is easier
for you.
B.
when weakness or
paralysis is present.
C.
for patients with
possible spinal injuries.
D.
for patients in a
sitting position who need spinal immobilization.
97.
The
proper technique for using the power grip is to:
A.
rotate the palms
down.
B.
position the
hands about 8 inches apart.
C.
lift with the
palms up.
D.
hold the handle
with your fingers.
102.
After
entering a house filled with smoke you notice an elderly couple
unresponsive on the living room floor. The emergent technique
appropriate for moving this couple would be:
A.
rapid
extrication.
B.
walking assist.
C.
clothes drag.
D.
quick take down.
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